Calculating-machine.



B. F. HUTCH'ES, JR.

CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 29. mo.

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B. F. HUTCHES, JR. CALCULATING MACHINE.

APPUCATION FILED SEPT-29, I910.

1,212,226, Patented Jan. 16,1917.

5 2 HEETS-SHEET 2. g0 5 3 BENJAMIN F. HUTCHES, JR., OF ALLENDALE, NEW JERSEY.

CALCULATING-MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 1c, 1917.

Application filed September 29, 1910. Serial No. 584,409.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F.

HUTonEs, J L, a citizen of the United States,

residing at Allendale, county of Bergen, and State of New Jersey, have invented new and useful Improvements in Calculating-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a calculating ma.- chine which is of simple construction, reliable in operation and requires a minimum expenditure of manual. power. The machine is operated from the finger keys by means of electricity which furnishes the power for setting the registering device, so that the fingers are relieved from any mechanical work excepting the closing of electric circuits, while furthern'iore any multiplicity of gearing is obviated. The construction is such that all of the finger-keys actuate one and the same movable member, the different keys advancing the latter for a different stroke-length. To this member are consecutively coupled the figure-record1ng or displaying means, the particular figure display depending upon such stroke-length.

Electric means are employed which are controlled by the keys and tend to advance the movable member for its full stroke, while electric means are also provided for arresting it at the position necessary for registering the number desired.

The drawings show one embodiment of the machine, but it is obvious that the various details of construction therein presented can be modified without departing from the spirit of my invention.

vsuitably shaped metallic casing 11 are fitted nine sockets 12 within which are slidably mounted conductive plungers 13' normally held in their raised position by springs 14. Plungers 13 carry at their top finger piecesor keys 15, which are numbered from 1 to 9 as indicated in Fig. 1. Below each plunger 13 are arranged a pair of spaced vertically alined contact springs 16, 17 insulated from casing 11 as at 18. By depressing any one of keys 15, its plunger 13 will firstly engage upper spring 16 to close afirst circuithereinafter referred to, while upon the further descent of the plunger, spring 16 will contact with spring 17 to close asecond circuit.

Springs 16 are by wires 19 connected to a like number of contact pins 20 arranged in an arc, and secured to a static-nary insulating post 21. Pins 20 are adapted to be engaged by the free end of a contact spring 22 secured to a sector or driver 23 and insulated therefrom as at 24. Sector 23 is rotatably mounted on a longitudinal rod 25 fast in casing 11. The sector is normally drawn downward against a fixed stop 26 by a spring 27, said spring being insulated from sector 23 and casing 11 as at 28, 29 respectively, while a wire 30 conductively connects springs 27, 22. Near its fulcrum, sector 23 has a tail 31 provided with a pin 32 that en gages the corresponding slot of a lever 33. The latter turns loosely on a longitudinal. shaft 34 and constitutes the armature of an clectromagnet 35 which is, by wire 36 connected to all of the springs 17, and, by wire 37 to one pole of a suitable source of elec tricity 38, the other pole of which is,by wire 39 or otherwise, conductively connected to cover 10.

Sector 23 meshes into a gear wheel 4 loosely mounted upon shaft 34 and carrying a spring-influenced pawl 41 that engages a first ratchet wheel 42 also loosely turning on shaft 34. Ratchet wheel 42 is rigidly connected to one face of a toothed wheel 43 while a second ratchet wheel 44 is fast on the other face thereof. Pawl 41 transmits forward motion from wheel to'ratchet wheel 42 and gear wheel 43, while a retaining pawl 45 engages ratchet wheel 44 and prevents a return movement of gear wheel 43 during the receding movement of wheel 40.

lVheel 43 is adapted to engage a pinion 46 having nine teeth and fast on a sleeve 47 that turns on a stationary longitudinal shaft 48, its longitudinal movement however being prevented by a screw 49 engaging a. corresponding peripheral groove of shaft 48. At its free end, sleeve 47 carries a cup 50 having nine teeth and constituting thefixed member of a checking device, which is adapted to be engaged by a similarly serrated cup 51 constituting the movable member thereof. Cup 51 is slidably mounted on shaft as and is prevented from rotating thereon a groove and feather connection a spring 53 normally forcing cup 51 away from cup so as to permit an unobstructed rotaticn of pinion 4:6. A peripheral groove Set of cup 51 is engaged by a shipping lever 55 pivoted to rod 25 as at 56 and influenced by a spring 57. Lever 55 carries an armature 58 arranged opposite to an elec tromagnet 59 which is by wire 60, connected to spring 27 and by wire 61 to wire 37 and thus to the source of electricity 38.

Pinion 46 is adapted to be brought into consecutive engagement with a number of pinions 62 rotatably mounted upon an axially slidable shaft 63 hung in casing 11. Each pinion 62 is received between the upright shanks of a tJ-shaped frame 6% which shanks are perforated for the passage of shaft 63. The transverse webs of frames 64 are adapted to travel along slide 65 hereinafter described, thus preventing a rotation of frames 6i on shaft Into each pinion 62 meshes a similar pinion G6 which is made integral with a registering drum or device 67 provided at its circumference with the digits 0 to 9 that are normally exposed through windows 68 of cover 10. Drum 67 turns looselv on an axle 69 mounted in frame (Bl above shaft 63 (Figs. 2 and .2).

As thus far described, it will be seen that the depression of any key 15 will cause acorresponding rotation of that drum 67 whose pinion is in engagement with gear wheel 34. If for instance the key indexed 3 is depressed, its plunger 13 will abut against spring 16*, thereby connecting the cooperating pin 20 with source 38 through wire 19 spring 16 plunger 13 cover 10 and wire 89.

Immediately after abutting against spring 16 plunger 13 will bring this spring into contact with spring 17, thereby closing an electric circuit, the current of which flows as follows: from source 38 through wire 39, cover 10, plunger 13 spring 16 spring 17, wire 36, electromagnet 35 and wire back to source 38. Electromagnet 35 will thus become energized to attract lever which movement will, by pin cause sector 23 to swing upward and thereby rotate wheel 40. The latter transmits motion through pawl 41 and ratchet wheel l2 to gear wheel 43, which in turn rotates pinions 4:6, 62 and 66 to correspondingly advance drum 6?. It will be observed from Fig. that the pitch of all toothed wheels is alike, so that when sector 23 is advanced for one tooth, pinion 6 will also be advanced for one tooth to ac vance drum 6. for one digit.

In order to prevent any accidental rotation of the drums 67 after they have been set to display a certain figure, springs 67 or other braking means may be provided that retain said drums in position.

During the rotation of sector spring 22 will ride over contact pins 20, so that when the sector has been advanced for three teeth, the spring will engage the third pin 90" thereby closing a circuit, the current of which lows from source 38 through wire 39, cover 10, plunger 13 spring 16, wire 1?), pin 20", spring wire 30, spring 97, wire 60, electromagnet 59 and wire (31 back to source 88. 'l he energizing of electremagnet will cause the attraction of armature to throw checking member 51 into engagement with member :30 thereby arresting the train of gear wheels 4:0, :23, -il6, 62 and 66 and simultaneously preventing a further ascent of sector From the above, it is evident, that by the depression of the "'3" key, the cooperating drum has been advanced for three digits. If the 7 key is depressed, pin 20 will be firstly connected to the source of electricity, so that upon the rotation of sector for a distance of T teeth, spring will engage pin 20" and U effect the closing of the checking derice 50, 51, after the registering drum has been ad vanced for seven digits. Upon the subsequent release of the key, the circuit will be opened, thus permitting spring 27 to return sector L3, lever 33, and gear wheel l0 to their original position, while pawl l5 retains wheels 13, i6, 62, (i6 and drum (:7 in the position to which they have been set. In addition to arresting the train of gear wheels above referred to, checking device 50, 51 has the further object of properly centering the digits below windows (38, after such arrest by forcing the tapering teeth of the non-rotatable member 51 into the triangular recesses between the teeth of member 50.

In practice, keys 15 are consecutively depressed to cause the corresponding succes sive advance of the drums representing the thousands, hundreds, tens and units or whatever the place number may be. Means should therefore be provided that will automatically shift the drums after the registration of each number to bring their pinions into consecutive engagement with driving pinion 46. For this purpose f ames (31 are clamped to shaft 63 between a fixed collar 70 and a nut 71, so as to participate in the movement of the shaft. The latter is provided with a row of teeth 72, the number and length of which equals the number of and distance between drums 67. Teeth T2 are adapted to be engaged by one arm of an elbow lever 73, the other spring-iniluenced arm of which carries an armature 74,-.

net 77 connected by wire 78 to wire (51 and by a wire 79 to a contact-spring 80. which is arranged, opposite a contact 81 on lever 55'.

It will be seen that upon the closing of clutch 50, 51 and a consequent arrest of pinion 46, contact 81 will abut against spring to close a circuit, the current flowing from source 38 through wire 39, cover 10, casing 11, red 25, lever 55,-contact 81, spring 80, wire 79, electromagnet 77, and wires 78, 61 back to source 38. In this way, electromagnet 77 will attract armature 7i and tilt lever 7 3 in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 3, until it abuts against a stop 82. During this movement of lever 7 6, shaft 63 will be advanced for one tooth, so that upon the complete depression of any key 15, the succeeding pinion 62 will be automatically brought into engagement with driving pinion 416. All drums 67 may be returned to their original position by a handle 63 projecting upward from shaft 63 through a corresponding slot of cover 10. r

The mechanism thus far described permits the drum 67 to be rotated in one direction only, so as to perform for instance, the operation of adding numbers. In order to also adapt the machine for subtracting purposes, a reversing gear is provided, which consists essentiall of a pinion 83 meshing into pinion 46. linion 83 engages a like pinion 84: that in turn meshes into a pinion 85 loosely mounted on shaft 48, the arbors of wheels 83, 84 being secured to a plate 86 held in position by shafts 34 and 418.

If it is desired to set the machine for subtraction, slide 65 together with all frames 6& is shifted to the left (Fig. 1) for such a distance as to bring the pinion 62 of the left end frame 64 into engagement with driving pinion 85. This movement is effected by means of a handle 87 pivoted tov arm 7 6 and projecting outward through a slot 88 of cover- 10 having notches 89. In manipulating handle 87, the latteris first swung forward to clear notch 89 whereupon it is laterally shifted and swung backward into engagement with the other notch, thus locking the slide in position. By depressing any one key 15, the operation above described is repeated with this exception, that drums 67 are rotated in a direction reversed to that previously performed.

Means are further provided for turning any one drum for the distance of one digit when the preceding drum has completed one rotation, thus carrying a ten or hundred as the case may be, to the drum'located at the immediate left of the drum in question. In other words when any drum, while performing an addition passes from 9 to 0, it will automatically cause the drum to the left thereof to register the ten, hundred, etc., which must be transferred. In like manner, any one drum, while performing a subtraction and passing from 0 to 9 should cause the drum to the left to register the ten, hundred, etc., to be borrowed. For this purpose, each frame 64: is furnished with two electromagnets 90, 91 between which oscillates an armature 92. The free end of the latter carries a pin 93 which is straddled by a forked arm 94: of a feed lever 95 pivoted to frame 64 at 96. Lever 95 carries a pair of opposed pivoted arms 97 either one of which is adapted to engage pinion 66. Arms 97 are drawn toward one another by an interposed spring 98, suitable stops being provided for normally holding the arms in the position shown in Fig. 2. Electromagnets 90 are conductively connected to a common wire 99 leading to a contact 100, while electromagnets 91 are connected to a wire 101 leading to a contact 102. These contacts are insulated from casing 11 as at 103 and are adapted to be alternately engaged by an insulated contact-spring 10% carried by slide 65, said spring being connected to wire 61 by a wire 105. g

The electromagnets 90, 91 of each frame '64 are by a common wire 106 connected to ing 11, shaft 63, pinion 62, pin 108, spring i 107, wire 106, the electromagnet 90 of the frame to the left, wire 99, spring 104;, and wires 105, 61 back to source 88.

The resulting energizing of electromagnet 90 will cause its armature 92 to swing toward the left (Fig. 2) thereby advancing the left arm 96 into engagement with pinion 62. In this way pinion 66 will be actuated to advance drum 67 for one digit,

thus registering the completion of one forward rotation of the drum 67 to the immediate right of the former.

If the machine is set for subtraction, contact spring 104 engages contact 102, so that by the connections described, electromagnet 91 will be energized to deflect armature 92 to the right. In this way the rightarm 96 will rotate pinion 62 in the reversed direction, to return its drum 67 for one digit, thereby registering the completion of one rearward rotation of the preceding drum;

Additional means should be provided which permit an axial displacement of the drums without effecting a rotation thereof,

when the digits of the numbers to be added which is marked 0. This key is in all respects similar to keys 15 with this exception, that only a single contact-spring 110 is arranged therebelow. This sprin is by wire 111 connected to wire 60, so that upon a depression of key 109, electromagnet 59 is energized to attract lever 55, thereby locking drums 67 against rotation and axially advancing them for one unit.

The operation may be readily understood. For adding purposes, handles 87 and 63 are pushed to the right 1) and the keys 15, representing the numerals of the first number are consecutively depressed, starting with the unit. Handle 63 is then returned to the right and the operation described is repeated. F or subtracting purposes, handle S7 is pushed into left hand notch 89, while the operation for registering the several numerals is performed as above described.

I claim:

1. In a calculating machine, a registering device, a driver adapted to be operatively connected thereto, means for actuating the driver, a driver-checking device, and electric means controlled by the driver for setting said checking device.

2. In a calculating machine, a registering device, a driver adapted to be operatively connected thereto, a key, electric means controlled thereby for actuating the driver, and electric means controlled by the key and driver for arresting the driver at a predetermined position.

3. In a calculating machine, a registering device, a driver, means for operatively connecting the driver to said registering device, a checking device controlling said connecting means, means for actuating the driver, an electric circuit controlled by the driver and an electromagnet in said circuit and actuating the checking device.

In a calculating machine, a registering device, a driver adapted to be operatively connected thereto, means for actuating the driver, and electric means controlled by the driver for arresting the driver at a predetermined position.

5. In a calculating machine, a registering device, a driver, means for operatively connecting the driver to the registering device, a checking device controlling said connecting means, a key, adapted to actuate the driver, and an clectromagnet controlled by the key and driver for actuating said checking means.

6. In a calculating machine, a plurality of keys, a driver, means controlled by said keys for advancing the driver, electric means controlled by the keys and driver for arresting the driver, each key in coaction with the driver arresting the latter at a different position and a registering device actuated by the driver.

7 In a calculating machine, a plurality of keys, a driver, an electromagnet controlled by said keys and actuating the driver, electric means controlled by the keysand driver for arresting the driver, each key in coaction with the driver arresting the latter at a different position, and a registering device actuated by the driver.

8. In a calculating machine, aplurality of keys, means controlled by said keys for actuating the driver, an electromagnet controlled by said keys and driver, means actuated by said electromagnet tor arresting the driver, and av registering device actuated by the driver.

9. In a calculating machine, a key, a pair of contact members adapted to be brought into conductive engagement with the key, a first clectromagnet in circuit with one of said members, a driver actuated by said electromagnet, a contact in circuit with the other member, a contact-spring on the driver adapted to engage said contact, a second electromagnet in circuit with said contactspring and contact, and means controlled by said second electromagnet for arresting the driver.

10. In a calculating machine, a plurality of keys, a driver, means controlled by the keys for actuating the driver, an electromagnet controlled by said keys and driver, means actuated by said electromagnet for arresting the driver, a registering device actuated by the driver, and means cooperating with said electromagnet-actuating means for laterally displacing the registering means.

11. In a calculating machine, a plurality of keys, a driver, means controlled by said keys for actuating the driver, an electromagnet controlled by said keys and driver, means actuated by said electromagnet for arresting the driver, and a plurality of registering drums adapted to be consecutively brought into operative engagement with said driver.

12. In a calculating machine, a plurality of keys, a driver, means controlled by said keys for actuating the driver, a first electromagnet controlled by said keys and driver, means actuated by said first electromagnet for arresting the driver, a plurality of registering drums, adapted to be operatively connected to the driver, a second electromagnet controlled by said first electromagnet-actuating means and means controlled by said second electromagnet for axially dis placing the re istering drums.

13. In a eafculating machine, a plurality of registering drums, a plurality of keys, a driver operable by either of said keys and adapted to actuate the drums, means controlled by the kevs and driver for arresting said driver at a predetermined position, and means controlled by said arresting means for axially displacing said drums.

1 1. In a calculating machine, a shaft having a toothed section, frames secured to said shaft, registering drums carried by the frames, means for rotating the drums, an electromagnet controlled by said rotating means, and a lever actuated by the electro magnet and adapted to engage the toothed sha ft-section.

10. In a calculating machine, a slide, a contact-member carried thereby, a register ing drum axially displaceable in the slide, a pinion intergeared with said drum, an armature operativelv connected to said pinion and adapted to rotate the same in one or the other direction, a pair of electromagnets arranged at opposite sides of the armature, and a pair of contacts in circuit with the electromagnets and adapted to be engaged by the contact member.

16. In a calculating machine, a slidable' frame, a pair of opposed magnets carried thereby, a reciprocative armature intermediate said magnets, a feed lever actuated by said armature, a pinion operable by the feed lever, and a registering drum actuated by the pinion.

17. In a calculating machine, a pair of axially alined pinions, a contact-pin on one of said pinions, a contact-member adapted to be engaged by said pin, a pair of electromagnets in circuit with said member, an armature between said electromagnets, means for operatively connecting said armature with the other pinion, means for connecting either of said electromagnets with a source of electricity, and registering drums actuated by the pinions.

18. In a calculating machine, a plurality of keys, a plurality of contact pins adapted to be conductively connected to the keys, one pin being provided for each key, a contact member adapted to consecutively engage i said pins, a driver actuated by the keys and carrying the contact member, a driver-checking devlce, and an electromagnet lIl c1rcu1t with said contact member for actuatmg said checking device.

19. In a calculating machine, a driver, a registering drum, means for connecting the driver with said drum, a rotary checking member fast on one of said gears, a slidable non-rotar Y checking member, and means controlled by the driver for operating said slidable checkingmember.

20. In a calculating machine, a plurality or" keys, a driver adapted to be operated by either of said keys, a rotary checking member operatively connected to said driver, a slidablc ncn-rotating checking member, an electromagnet, an electromagnet-circuit controlled by the driver, and an armature actuated by the electromagnet and operating the slidable checking member.

21. In a calculating machine, a plurality of registering devices, a plurality of keys, a driver operable by either of said keys, a rotary checking member operatively connected to said driver, a slidable non-rotating checking member, a first electromagnet, a first electromagnet-circuit controlled by the driver, a first armature actuated by said first electromagnet and operating the slidable checking member, a second electromagnet, a second electromagnet-circuit controlled by the ,first armature, and a second armature actuated by the second electromagnet and adapted to bring the registering devices into successive operative engagement With the driver.

BENJAMIN F. HUTCHES, JR.

WYitnesses: I

ARTHUR E. ZUMPE, KATHERY E K0011.

copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

